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Flora & Fauna Of Tibet |
The mountain slopes of Tibet
are home to many dozens of plants and
flowers,but you should resist the temptation to
pick them. On the south slope of Middle
Himalayas and southeast Tibet , the abundance
centre of Tibetan flower plants extends from
3500m alt. to the alpine zone. Many forms of
flowers ornamentize the background of meadows,
thickets and dark coniferous forests. The
typical species are; Primula cawdoriana, bluish
purple; P. sinoplantagines var. fengxiangiana,
purple; Cyananthus lobatus, blue-violet;
Saxifraga spp., yellow; Polygonum griffithii;
Meconopsis horridula var. racemosa, bluish; M.
Integrifolia, yellow; Pedicularis bella, rddish
purple; P. fletcherii, white.
The distribution of Tibet 's wild flowers is
rather extensive. They are in different
positions and environments which the following
changes are identified: the series of moisture
from arid and semiarid to semimoist and moist;
the series of temperature from alpine frigid
zone and frigid-temperate zone to warm-temperate
zone and mountain tropical zone; the vegetation
types from semimoist coniferous and broadleaved
deciduous forests to rain forests, from
frigid-temperate coniferous forests to tropical
forests, and from scrubs and steppes to meadows
and wetlands; as well as the landforms of
glacier, desert, dune, highland, valley and
gorge. When you see Incarvillea and Iris on the
barren, the multi-colored rhododendrons in the
forest or on the slope, and the beautiful
orchids-epiphytic or terrestrial, you will be
surprised by the powerful potential of life and
nature.
Meanwhile, the wild flowers of Tibet grow in
very different performances. Connected with the
extreme conditions at high elevation such as low
temperature, strong wind and high radiation, the
plants got their morphology of shortening,
creeping, cushion, needle shape or hairiness.
Compared to low elevation areas, the blossoming
time on Tibetan plateau is usually shorter. The
middle spring to early summer and the middle
summer are the major two flowering phases, with
1/3 and 2/3 flowering species respectively. In
the middle, the blossoms of Prunus mira always
give the southeastern plateau an obvious scene,
which is sometimes repainted by the spring snow.
Then follow the rhododendrons of subalpine
forests and alpine thickets.
Because of the role of ultra violet, the color
of flowers at high elevation is generally deeper
than in lowland. Particularly, in Tibet we often
see purple and orange flowers.
Some of Tibet 's wild flower are used as
medicine besides their amazing ornamental to the
people. Their extraordinarily excellent effects
on the disease don't only help the Tibetans
overcome pains disease through thousands of
years, but, nowadays, help Tibetans have their
own medicine plants, which produce special
medicine with Tibetan wild flowers and
contribute the medicines to the world. Some of
the wildflowers found in Tibet are as follows.
- Aconitum longilobum Climbing herbaceous
liana. Quiquepartite rotund leaf, cordate base.
3 to 8 flowers, blue purple. Flowering: Aug. to
Sept. Frihygrophiles. Only in the fir forest of
Mt. Sergyila , 36 to 4000m, Nyingchi.
- Anemone rupicola Perennial, 10 to 20cm
tall, with rhizme. Leaf blade cordiform,
quinquepartite. White flower,4 to 6cm, June to
Aug. Most tendency, cold and poorness tolerance.
South to southeast Tibet , 3300 to 4200m.
- Sorbus rehderiana Little deciduous tree.
3 to 8m high. Odd-pinnate commpound leaf with 7
to 10 pairs of folials. Compound corymb, densely
flowered. White flower, pink or red fruit, 6 to
8mm, subovate. Flowering: June to July.
Fruiting: Aug to Sept. Cool and nutrient
tendency. South and east Tibet , 3300 to 4400 m,
dark coniferous forest, valley forest or bush. |
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